The Paradox of the Truth of Singular Cogent Hypotheticals with any Antecedents and Consequents

Document Type : Original Research

Author
A. Darabi
Department of Logic, Iranian Institute of Philosophy, Tehran, Iran
10.58209/jpt.3.3.247
Abstract
Hypothetical logic has a special place in the tradition of Avicennan logic. In this tradition, various opinions have been presented about the conditions of the truth of hypothetical sentences and the conditions of syllogisms with hypothetical premises. One of the most prominent Avicennan logicians who discussed it is Shams al-Dīn Samarqandī. The truth of singular cogent hypotheticals is a special topic of Samarqandī about hypotheticals. His analysis of this type of hypotheticals finally led to limiting the number of hypothetical syllogisms. In this article, I compare the opinions of Samarqandī about the conditions for the truth of singular cogent hypotheticals with the opinions of Fakhruddīn Rāzī and Abdullah Jīlanī. I show that the origin of the differences between these logicians is the difference in their interpretations of Avicenna's texts about quantifiers of hypotheticals.

Keywords

  1. - Falahi, Assadollah (2014). Shams al-Din Samarqandi on Relevance Logic. Logical Studies. 5(10):71-103. [Persian]
    - Gīlānī, Abdullāh (2007). (The Treatise about Doubts in Logical Rules). In: M. Mohaghegh & T. Izutsu (eds.): Collected Papers on Logic and Language, Tehran: Institute of Islamic Studies. [Arabic]
    - Ibn Sīnā (1964). (Al-Shifā: Al-Qiyās). Edited by: S. Zāyid & I. Madkour, Cairo. [Arabic]
    - Rāzī, Fakhruddīn (2003). (Manṭiq al-Mulakhkhaṣ). Edited by: F. Kharamaleki & A. Asgharinezhad, Tehran: ISU Press [Arabic]
    - Samarqandī, Shams al-Dīn (2020). (Qisṭās al-afkār fī l-manṭiq), Edited by: A. Fallahi, Tehran: Iranian Institute of Philosophy. [Arabic]
  2. Falahi A (2014). Shams al-Din Samarqandi on relevance logic. Logical Studies. 5(10):71-103. [Persian] [Link]
  3. Gilani A (2007). The treatise about doubts in logical rules. In: Mohaghegh M, Izutsu T, editors. Collected papers on logic and language. Tehran: Institute of Islamic Studies. [Arabic] [Link]
  4. Ibn Sina (1964). Al-Shifa: Al-Qiyas. Zayid S, Madkour I, editors. Cairo: Anonymous. [Arabic] [Link]
  5. Razi F (2003). Manṭiq al-Mulakhkhas. Kharamaleki F, Asgharinezhad A, editors. Tehran: ISU Press. [Arabic] [Link]
  6. Samarqandi S (2020). Qistas al-afkar fi l-mantiq. Fallahi A, editor. Tehran: Iranian Institute of Philosophy. [Arabic] [Link]
Philosophical Thought
Volume 3, Issue 3 - Serial Number 11
Summer 2023
Pages 247-257