فاعلیت و وجود موجودات مادی در مقاله ششم از الهیات شفاء

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسنده
سینا سالاری خرّم
گروه فلسفه، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
10.58209/jpt.4.2.123
چکیده
در این مقاله به جایگاه علت فاعلی در تبیین وجود موجودات مادی در مقاله ششم از الهیات خواهم پرداخت. تعبیرات ابن‌سینا در خصوص علت فاعلی حقیقی ما را با دو ابهام مواجه می‌کند؛ نخست تمایز علت فاعلی، به عنوان یکی از علل، با علت تامه که وجود یک شی مادی را کفایت می‌کند، و دوم تعبیر او از علت فاعلی به مثابه «علت وجوددهنده». خواهم کوشید مشکلات تفسیری برآمده از این ابهامات را ابتدا روشن سازم و در نهایت به آنها پاسخ گویم. استدلال خواهم کرد که علت فاعلی حقیقی، که برای ابن‌سینا در این موضع از بحث همان «عقل فعال» است، چیزی جز علت حلول صورت در ماده نیست؛ علیتی که ابن‌سینا از آن تعبیر به علت ایجاد ترکیب مادی نیز می‌کند.

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اندیشه فلسفی
دوره 4، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 14
تابستان 1403
صفحه 123-139