هیدگر معتقد است الثیا نزد یونانیان به معنای ناپوشیدگی است که امری ذاتی برای موجودات است، اما افلاطون با قایل شدن به عالم مُثل، حقیقت را به مثابه مطابقت مطرح و آن را به عقل انسانی منتقل میکند. با این نگاه، حقیقت خصوصیت ذاتیاش را از دست داد و تبدیل به مطابق شناخت با متعلق خود و ایجاد دوگانگیهای مرسوم فلسفه شد. ملاصدرا هر چند شباهتهای بنیادین با هیدگر دارد، اما حقیقت را دارای معانی چندگانهای میداند و در مرحله سوم تفکر فلسفی خویش با رسیدن به تشان، با تفسیر خاصی که از فلسفه افلاطونی میکند، دوگانگیهای مرسوم فلسفه قبل از خودش را کنار میگذارد و به وحدتگرایی میرسد و حقیقت نزد افلاطون را امری دارای مراتب وجودی قلمداد کرده و میپذیرد. در این مقاله ضمن نگاه کوتاه به حقیقت نزد افلاطون، به بررسی نگاه هیدگر و ملاصدرا و در نهایت استخراج انتقادات صدرایی به تفکر هیدگری درباب حقیقت خواهیم پرداخت.
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اندیشه فلسفی